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A. B. BECK.

SECTION FOR SECTIONAL BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, I916.

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

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A. B. RECK.

SECTION FOR SECTIONAL BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12. 1916. 1,3%2,95fl

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ANDERS BORCH BECK, OF HELLERUP, NEAR COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

SECTION FOR SECTIONAL BOILERS.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented Nov. 25, 11919.

Application filed September 12, 1916. SerialNo. 119,618.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ANnERs BOROH BECK, a subject of the King of Denmark, residing at Hellerup, near Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sections .for Sectional Boilers, of which the following is a s ecification.

T e object of the present invention is. to produce sections of sectional boilers of little weight in proportion to the size of their heating surface and of such a construction that cheap bituminous or semi-bituminous fuel can be burned in them as economically as high priced non-bituminous fuel.

It is well known that it is possible to burn bituminous fuel in a boiler furnace, if plenty of secondary air is introduced into the combustion chamber and if the boiler furnace is provided with smoke flues of large sectional area and with a large combustion chamber, said combustion chamber being preferably lined with fire-brick.

In spite of their advantages such boiler furnaces have not come into general use, because the large flues and combustion chambers make them heavy and therefore costly. lhe object of the present invention as stated above is attained by creating such a protection for the canals for the secondary air, that the outlets for the air from the 'said canals can be located more advantageously than hitherto possible, the result of the said protection being that a good and smokeless combustion can take place even with a combustion chamber of minimum size and with smoke flues of minimum sectional area.

The following description and the accompanying drawings show as an example how the invention is carried out.

By Figures 1-3 is shown a sectional cast iron boiler made up of four sections, to which the invention is applied.

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the boiler taken approximately on the line II of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section taken on the line 11-11 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 a vertical transverse section through the same boiler taken approximately on the line HIIII of Fig. 1.

Figs. 4: to 7 show, in detail, difi'erent forms of transverse sections through the air canals of the boiler.

As shown in Fig. 1, the boiler furnace is of the constant feed type, that is a boiler furnace having a fuel reservoir arranged above and in direct communication with the fire-box whereby, by virtue of gravity, the fuel is automatically and constantly fed into the fire-box as it burns. However, I do not wish to be limited to this particular type of boiler furnace, as I have shown and described the particular type of boiler 'furnace merely for the purpose of illustrating one application of my invention.

w-a are the side sections of the boiler,

6-?) are the back middle sections and 0-0 are the front middle sections of the boiler.

In the boiler shown the front middle sections form the grate of the boiler. 03 is the fuel magazine, situated above the grate of the boiler e is the combustion chamber from which the smoke flues are issuing. ff are the branch smoke flues, while 9 is the main smoke flue into which the branch smoke flues are discharging. h is the smoke outlet to the chimney. i is the main air canal for supplemental air and K-K are the branch canals for the said air. 9b/L are connecting air-canals, Which connect the said main canal i with the said branchcanals 70. Z and m are outlet openings for the air through the Walls of the branch canals k.

It is to be seen from Fig. 1, that the branch canals for the supplemental air are placed along those parts of the back middle sections 6 and the side sections a, which are touched by the current of combustion products, before those products have been cooled in the smoke flues, the combustion products still having a temperature sufficient for the continuance of their combustion. Further it is to be seen from Fig. 3, that the location of the outlet openings Z and min the walls of the air canals 7c is such, that it is impossible for the combustible gases developed from the fuel to escape without having been in close touch with the air jets continually projecting from the said openings Z and m. The result of the action of the great number of air jets on the combustible gases just where the gases are hottest and where the supplemental air is mostly needed, is a combustion so complete, that the size of the combustion chamber 6 as well as the sectional area of the flues f can be considerably less than needed by boilers, where the combustible gases developed by the fuel on the grate are not thoroughly mixed with supplemental air in the hottest part of the combustion chamber. Such mixing is only made possible by the special features of the air canals of the boiler sections, as they are. described below.

From F ig. l and Fig. 3 it is to be seen that the wall or walls of each air canal is may be considered as divided, in the direction of the length of the canal, into two parts, one part being in touch with the combustion products, the other part in touch with the water contained in the water space of the boiler. Since the two parts are situated opposite to each other throughout the whole length of the canal, heat will pass easily from one part to the other. Therefore, as circumstances are, all heat absorbed by the part of the wall in touch with the combustion products will be immediately transferred to the other part of the wall and therefrom to the water in touch with it, and since the temperature of that part of the wall which is in touch with the water will be only very little higher than the water itself, the temperature of the other part, in touch with the combustion products, will also be not far from the same temperature.

In this way the part of the canal wall,

- in the outer walls of the air canal, and owing to the said location the effect of complete and smokeless combustion even with a small combustion chamber and with flues of small sectional area is attained.

Perforated iron pipes have been tried for introducing supplemental air into the combustion chambers of boilers but such pipes do not last long being without the protection against 'the heat gained by the present invention.

The transverse section through the branch canals k for supplemental air need not be exactly as shown in Fig. 3 and in detail in Fig. 4. They may for instance also be as shown in 5-7.

The outlet openings for air in the walls of the air canals k may have any form desired. Especially if the canals are long there may be reason for giving some of the openings the form of narrow fissures across the canal as shown by m in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3. v

By this form of a certain number of the openings that part of the canal wall which is in touch with the combustion products will be divided up lengthwise into separate parts, that will be able to expand freely. By such a form of the outlet openings from the air canals, all detrimental strains in the canal walls are prevented even in long canals.

- Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is z 1. The combination of a firebox, a boiler comprising sections spaced apart and having certain of their edges exposed to the fire box, a partition extending lengthwise within each section and spaced from that edge of the section which is exposed to the fire box to provide a supplementary air canal on the exposed edge thereof, while the remainder of the section provides a water chamber, one wall of the air canal forming a partition between the canal and the water chamber whereby the walls of the air canal and those of the water chamber are heatconductively connected, said canals being open at one end and having certain walls thereof perforated to supply air to the fire box, the organization being such that the edges of the sections forming the air canals also form-the outlets from the fire box.

2. The combination of a fire box, a boiler comprising sections spaced apart and having certain of their edges exposed to the fire box, a partition extending lengthwise within each section and spaced from that edge of thesection which is exposed to the fire box, to provide a supplementary air canal on the exposed edge thereof, while the remainder of the section provides a water chamber, one wall of the air canal forming a partition between the canal and the water chamber whereby the walls of the air canal and those of the water chamber are heatrconductivel'y connected, said canals being open at one end and having certain walls thereof perforated to supply air to the fire box, and other canals connecting the air canals of adjacent sections and communicating with atmosphere to supply air to the canals, the first mentioned canals being formed with openings, the organization being such that the edges of the sections forming the air canals also form the outlets from the fire box.

3. The combination of a fire box, a boiler comprising sections spaced apart and having certain of their edges exposed to the fire box, a partition extending lengthwise within each section and spaced from that edge of the section which is exposed to the fire box to provide a supplementary air canal on the exposed edge thereof, while the remainder of the section provides a water chamber, one wall of the air canal forming a partition between the canal and the water chamber whereby the walls of the air canal and those of the water chamber. are. heat-conductively connected, said canals being open at one end and having certain walls thereof perforated to supply air to the fire box, certain of said perforations comprising narrow slits which are co-extensive in width with the canals, the organization being such that the edges of the sections forming the air canals also form the outlets from the fire box.

4. The combination of a fire box, a boiler comprising sections spaced apart and having certain of their edges exposed to the fire box, a partition extending lengthwise within each section and spaced from that edge of the section which is exposed to the fire box to provide a supplementary air canal on the exposed edge thereof, while the remainder of the section provides a water chamber, one wall of the air canal forming a partition between the canal and the water chamber whereby the walls of the air canal and those of the water chamber are heatconductively connected, said canals being open at one end. and having certain walls thereof perforated to supply air to the fire box, said partitionsbeing substantially N- shaped in cross section and having the side portions thereof spaced from the side Walls of the section, the organization being such that the edges of the sections forming the air canals also form the outlets from the fire box.

5. In combination, a fire box, a boiler comprising sections arranged to have one of their edges exposed to the fire box in such manner that the flames traverse said edges in leaving the fire box, and air canals contiguously and heat-conductively connected to said edges and formed with exit openings for the air.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDERS BOROH BECK.

Witnesses:

V. BELSCHUER, ENGELHARDT MADREN. 

